Evidence
This page contains all the research Zijn Health is based on.
Radiations and male fertility
Exposure to non-ionizing radiations, such as those emitted by cell phones, laptops, Wi-Fi, and microwave ovens, can have deleterious effects on male fertility. These radiations have been found to negatively impact sperm parameters, disrupt cellular metabolism and the endocrine system, and induce genotoxicity, genomic instability, and oxidative stress. Protective measures for reducing exposure to these radiations are suggested, and it is concluded that non-ionizing radiations may lead to infertility by inducing oxidative stress and increasing reactive oxygen species. Kesari, Kavindra Kumar, et al. Radiations and male fertility. Open Access version available at ResearchGate, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-018-0431-1
Antioxidants and Male Fertility: From Molecular Studies to Clinical Evidence.
This article discusses the impact of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on male fertility and the potential role of antioxidants in fertility treatment. The research question is whether oral antioxidants intake has a positive effect on male reproductive outcomes. The method involves reviewing literature on the effects of antioxidant therapy on sperm parameters and clinical outcomes in fertility treatment. The results suggest that oral consumption of antioxidants may improve sperm parameters and decrease DNA damage, but there is insufficient evidence that it improves fertility rates and live birth. The conclusion is that antioxidant therapy may be beneficial for sperm preservation during assisted reproductive technologies (ART), but more research is needed to determine its efficacy in improving overall fertility outcomes. Martin-Hidalgo, David, et al. Antioxidants and Male Fertility: From Molecular Studies to Clinical Evidence. Antioxidants, vol. 8, no. 4, 2019, p. 89. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8040089
A Complete Guide to Lifestyle and Environmental Factors and the Effect on Sperm Health
There is controversy over whether there has been a decline in semen quality over time. Some studies have reported a decrease in sperm quality, while others have not found any changes. Factors such as pollution, occupational exposure, and lifestyle choices may be contributing to the decline in semen quality. However, there is still uncertainty and misinformation surrounding the issue. du Plessis, S.S., Agarwal, A., Alvarez, J.G., et al. (2018). Male Infertility: A Complete Guide to Lifestyle and Environmental Factors. Springer.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1040-3_1
Effect of a Phytoestrogen Food Supplement on Reproductive Health in Normal Males
This study examines the effects of a phytoestrogen food supplement on reproductive health in normal males. Healthy volunteers took a supplement containing 40 mg of isoflavones daily for 2 months and donated blood and semen samples monthly for 2 months before and 4 months after supplementation. The results show that the phytoestrogen dose consumed had no effect on semen quality. Mitchell, Julie H., et al. Effect of a phytoestrogen food supplement on reproductive health in normal males. Clinical science 100.6 (2001): 613-618. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11352776/
Semen Parameters and Sperm DNA Fragmentation as Causes of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss
This study compared sperm parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation in men whose partners had a history of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) with a control group of men. The results showed that men with RPL had significantly higher levels of sperm DNA damage and poor sperm motility compared to the control group. This suggests that sperm quality may contribute to pregnancy loss in these patients. Brahem, Sonia, et al. Semen Parameters and Sperm DNA Fragmentation as Causes of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss. Urology, vol. 78, no. 4, 2011, pp. 792-796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2011.05.049
Occupational Heat Exposure and Male Fertility: A Review
This article discusses various studies on male infertility, including the use of chemotherapy in advanced transitional cell carcinoma and the effects of occupational heat exposure on fertility. The studies show that the combination of paclitaxel, carboplatin, and methotrexate is a promising treatment option for advanced TCC, and that occupational heat exposure can serve as a cofactor for male infertility. In addition, the article mentions the absence of inactivating mutations of the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor in men undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Thonneau, P., Bujan, L., Multigner, L., & Mieusset, R. (1998). Occupational Heat Exposure and Male Fertility: A Review. Human Reproduction, 13(8), 2122-2125. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/13.8.2122
Variation of semen parameters in healthy medical students due to exam stress
Semen parameters, specifically sperm concentration, were found to significantly decrease in healthy donors during a stressful examination period, according to a study published in the Malawi Medical Journal. The study suggests that stress levels in donors may have clinical relevance when designing experimental protocols. Tims, T., Mithi, A., & Junaini, K. (2009). Variation of semen parameters in healthy medical students due to exam stress. Malawi Medical Journal, 21(4), 166-167. https://doi.org/10.4314/mmj.v21i4.49635
The Effect of Garlic (Allium sativum) on Male Fertility: A Systematic Review.
Garlic has been found to have potential effects on enhancing male fertility and spermatogenesis, increasing testosterone levels, and improving the testicular structure, according to a systematic review. However, more clinical trials are recommended to further explore the benefits of garlic on male fertility. Musavi, Hadis, et al. Effect of Garlic (Allium sativum) on Male Fertility: A Systematic Review. Journal of Herbmed Pharmacology, vol. 7, no. 4, 2018, pp. 306-312. https://doi.org/10.15171/jhp.2018.46
Lifestyle and fertility: the influence of stress and quality of life on male fertility
Lifestyle factors, such as stress and quality of life, can have a significant impact on male fertility. Modifiable lifestyle factors, including aging, stress, nutrition, physical activity, and environmental factors, can impair semen quality and decrease fertility. Therefore, modifying lifestyle through educational programs, environmental changes, nutritional and physical exercise, and psychological support can help prevent infertility and improve the overall possibility of conceiving. Ilacqua, Alessandro, et al. Lifestyle and fertility: the influence of stress and quality of life on male fertility. Andrology, vol. 7, no. 2, 2019, pp. 171-178. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12598-018-0436-9
Semen quality and alcohol intake: a systematic review and meta-analysis
High levels of alcohol intake appear to be associated with changes in semen that may affect fertility, but occasional alcohol intake does not have negative effects on semen quality, according to a systematic review and meta-analysis. The analysis included 15 cross-sectional studies with a total of 16,395 men. The review finds that a moderate consumption of alcohol does not adversely affect semen parameters, but further studies are needed to evaluate the effects on reproductive outcomes. Ricci, Elena, et al. Semen quality and alcohol intake: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Reproductive BioMedicine Online, vol. 34, no. 1, 2017, pp. 38-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2016.09.012
The Metabolic Syndrome and Male Infertility: A Review
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a highly prevalent condition that can have detrimental effects on male fertility. This review article examines the links between obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance, and their impact on male reproductive health. The authors propose a new paradigm connecting MetS and male infertility, and suggest that further research on the components of MetS may help inform therapeutic interventions.
Kasturi, Sanjay S., Justin Tannir, and Robert E. Brannigan. Review The Metabolic Syndrome and Male Infertility. Journal of Andrology, vol. 29, no. 3, 2008, pp. 251-259. https://doi.org/10.2164/jandrol.107.003731
Microplastics: A Threat for Male Fertility
Microplastics (MPs) are a growing threat to male fertility, according to a review article. The article explains that MPs, which are small particles of plastic waste, can act as a vector for environmental pollutants and can enter and accumulate in human tissues. Recent studies have shown that MPs exposure can have deleterious effects on male reproduction and sperm quality. Further research is needed to fully understand the impact of MPs on male fertility in mammals. D’Angelo, S.; Meccariello, R. Microplastics: A Threat for Male Fertility. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 18, no. 5, 2021, article 2392. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052392
Causes, Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Testicular Heat Stress
Testicular heat stress has a detrimental effect on sperm quality and can increase the risk of infertility. This review examines the causes of heat stress, the effects on spermatogenesis and germ cells, and the molecular mechanisms involved. The severity and duration of heat exposure, as well as the intensity and frequency of heat stress, can all influence the damage caused. Understanding the complex mechanisms of germ cell apoptosis is crucial in developing interventions to prevent or mitigate the effects of testicular heat stress. Durairajanayagam, D., Agarwal, A., & Ong, C. (2014). Causes, effects and molecular mechanisms of testicular heat stress. Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2014.09.018
The title of this article is An exploration of the association between male body mass index and semen quality
This study explores the association between body mass index (BMI) and semen quality in men. The researchers collected semen analysis and demographic data from male partners of couples undergoing fertility investigations. The results show that obese men are more likely to have lower semen volume and fewer normal spermatozoa compared to men with normal BMI. The study concludes that obesity may have a negative impact on male fertility. Shayeb, A. G., Harrild, K., Mathers, E., & Bhattacharya, S. (2011). An exploration of the association between male body mass index and semen quality. RBM Online, 23(6), 692-700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2011.07.018
Amelioration of heat stress-induced damage to testes and sperm quality
Heat stress (HS) can have detrimental effects on testicles and sperm quality. Increased testicular temperature can damage germ cells and reduce sperm motility, morphology, and fertility. HS triggers the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can cause cell apoptosis and DNA damage. Various substances, such as antioxidants and hormones, have been studied to mitigate the damage caused by HS. The most promising approaches involve reducing oxidative stress, preventing apoptosis, and restoring sperm quality. Further studies are needed to determine the effectiveness of these substances in preserving fertility. Shahat, A.M., Rizzoto, G., & Kastelic, J.P. (2020). Amelioration of heat stress-induced damage to testes and sperm quality. Theriogenology, 155, 220-238. Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.08.034/
Environmental toxins: Alarming impacts of pesticides on male fertility.
Environmental toxins, specifically pesticides, have alarming impacts on male fertility. Research has shown that pesticide exposure damages spermatozoa and alters reproductive cell function, leading to a decline in sperm quality. There is a need for further research on pesticides that directly affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Overall, these findings suggest the need for solutions to mitigate the health effects of pesticide exposure on male fertility. Sengupta, Pallav, and Rajdeb Banerjee. Environmental toxins: Alarming impacts of pesticides on male fertility. International Journal of Medical Sciences, vol. 10, no. 6, 2013, pp. 676-677. https://doi.org/10.1177/0960327113515504
The Impact of Selected Modifiable Lifestyle Factors on Male Fertility in the Modern World.
Selected modifiable lifestyle factors such as obesity, mobile phone usage, smoking, and alcohol consumption contribute to a significant deterioration in male fertility. These factors lead to a decrease in sperm concentration, vitality, motility, and morphology. Lifestyle-related factors are a significant cause of male infertility, and couples trying to achieve pregnancy should focus on weight loss and the cessation or limitation of unhealthy habits. Balawender, Krzysztof, and Stanisław Orkisz. The impact of selected modifiable lifestyle factors on male fertility in the modern world. Central European Journal of Urology 73 (2020): 563-568. https://doi.org/10.5173/ceju.2020.1975
Spermatogenesis & the assessment of male fertility
Obesity has been identified as a cause of male infertility. This article discusses three main biological mechanisms linking obesity to impaired male reproductive function: hypogonadism, testicular heat stress/hypoxia-induced apoptosis, and endocrine disruption by 'obesogens'. Obesity-induced hypogonadism is the most clinically significant mechanism. Research is being conducted to further understand the impact of obesity on male fertility. Phillips, Karen P., and Nongnuj Tanphaichitr. Spermatogenesis & the assessment of male fertility. Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol. 5, no. 2, Expert Reviews Ltd, 2010, pp. 229-238. https://doi.org/10.1586/EEM.09.65
Sperm DNA fragmentation: mechanisms of origin, impact on reproductive outcome, and analysis.
Sperm DNA fragmentation can occur through various mechanisms, including apoptosis, chromatin remodeling, DNA damage induced by toxins, and damage from chemotherapy and radiation. The integrity of the paternal genome is crucial for successful pregnancy, and understanding sperm DNA fragmentation is essential for diagnosing and treating infertility. Future research should focus on improving diagnostic techniques and determining how abnormal sperm may impact embryo and fetal development after fertilization. Wallach, Edward E., et al. Sperm DNA fragmentation: mechanisms of origin, impact on reproductive outcome, and analysis. Fertility and Sterility, vol. 93, no. 4, 2010, pp. 1027-1036. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.10.046
Relationship between Sleeping Posture and Fluctuations in Nocturnal Scrotal Temperature
Researchers conducted a study to investigate the relationship between sleeping posture and fluctuations in nocturnal scrotal temperature. They found that sleeping on the side was associated with significantly higher scrotal temperatures compared to sleeping on the back. However, there were no significant differences in scrotal temperatures between men with normozoospermia and men with oligozoospermia. The study concluded that there was no close correlation between scrotal temperature and semen quality. Jung, A., Hofstötter, J., Schuppe, H., & Schill, W. (2003). Relationship between sleeping posture and fluctuations in nocturnal scrotal temperature. Reproductive Toxicology, 17, 433-438. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0890-6238(03)00046-7
Influence of Genital Heat Stress on Semen Quality in Humans
Genital heat stress is an important environmental hazard that can impair male fertility. This review article summarizes the current knowledge on the influence of heat stress on testicular function in men. It discusses the molecular mechanisms of testicular temperature sensitivity and the methods used to measure genital heat stress. The article concludes that scrotal and testicular cooling can improve semen quality, but the link between other factors, such as sitting duration or wearing tight-fitting underwear, and impaired semen quality is not well-supported. Jung, A., & Schuppe, H.-C. (2007). Influence of genital heat stress on semen quality in humans. International Journal of Andrology, 30(4), 311-315. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2605.2007.00788.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0272.2007.00794.x
Association between socio-psycho-behavioral factors and male semen quality: systematic review and meta-analyses.
Socio-psycho-behavioral factors have been linked to male semen quality, but the results have been inconsistent. In this study, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to identify factors associated with male semen quality. The results showed that higher age, smoking, alcohol consumption, and psychological stress were risk factors for lower semen quality. Health programs focusing on lifestyle and psychological health may be beneficial for male reproductive health. Further studies are needed to explore the role of other socio-psycho-behavioral factors in semen quality. Li, Ying, et al. Association between socio-psycho-behavioral factors and male semen quality: systematic review and meta-analyses. Fertility and Sterility, vol. 95, no. 1, 2011, pp. 116-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2023.06.008
Within- and between-subject variation in semen parameters in infertile men and normal semen donors.
This study examined the variation in semen parameters within and between infertile men and normal semen donors. The researchers found that there is large variation in sperm parameters, especially sperm count, in both infertile patients and healthy donors. The study highlights the need for multiple semen analyses before diagnosing a man as normal or infertile. Keel, Brooks A. Within- and between-subject variation in semen parameters in infertile men and normal semen donors. Fertility and Sterility, vol. 85, no. 1, 2006, pp. 128-134. https://www.fertstert.org/article/S0015-0282(05)03415-1/fulltext
Chapter 3.1 Reactive Oxygen Species Methodology Using Chemiluminescence Assay.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are associated with male infertility and can impact sperm quality. Measuring ROS levels accurately is important for diagnosing infertility. The chemiluminescence method is commonly used to measure ROS and is sensitive and reliable. The chemiluminescence assay uses probes like luminol and lucigenin to measure ROS levels in semen samples. Luminometers are used to detect the chemiluminescence signals and various types are available for measurement. The AutoLumat luminometer specifically measures ROS in seminal ejaculate and processed semen. Sharma, Rakesh, et al. Chapter 3.1 Reactive Oxygen Species Methodology Using Chemiluminescence Assay. American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-812501-4.00017-1
Lifestyle factors in people seeking infertility treatment – A review.
Lifestyle factors may affect a person's time to conception and their chance of having a healthy, live birth. Factors such as weight, vitamin and iodine intake, alcohol and caffeine consumption, smoking, substance abuse, stress, environmental pollutants, vaccinations, and oxidative stress may all impact fertility. Advising people presenting for infertility treatment on modifiable lifestyle factors could help improve their chances of pregnancy and delivering a healthy baby. Anderson, Kirsty, Vicki Nisenblat, and Rob Norman. Lifestyle factors in people seeking infertility treatment – A review. Level 6 Medical School, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, 2023-09-11. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-828X.2009.01119.x
LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF SEMEN QUALITY OF UNEXPOSED WORKERS
A longitudinal study was conducted to evaluate the semen quality of 45 men over a 9 month period. The study assessed various parameters such as sperm count, semen volume, motility, morphology, and sperm viability. The results showed that sperm count and semen volume had high correlations between subjects, indicating consistency over time. However, sperm velocity had low correlations, suggesting large fluctuations within subjects. The study concluded that some semen parameters were more precise and stable than others, providing valuable information for future research on male reproductive toxicity. LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF SEMEN QUALITY OF UNEXPOSED WORKERS* Schrader, Steven M., et al. LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF SEMEN QUALITY OF UNEXPOSED WORKERS. Reproductive Toxicology, vol. 2, 1988, pp. 183-190. https://doi.org/10.1016/0890-6238(88)90020-2
Zinc levels in seminal plasma and their correlation with male infertility: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Zinc is an essential trace mineral for male reproductive system functioning. This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of previous studies to investigate the relationship between seminal plasma zinc and male infertility. The results showed that infertile males had significantly lower levels of seminal plasma zinc compared to normal controls. Additionally, zinc supplementation was found to improve sperm quality in infertile males. However, further studies are needed to better understand the correlation between seminal plasma zinc and male infertility. Zhao, Jiang, et al. Zinc levels in seminal plasma and their correlation with male infertility: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Scientific Reports, vol. 6, 2016, article no. 22386, doi:10.1038/srep22386. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep22386
The title of this article is The role of carnitine in male infertility
This review article explores the role of carnitine in male infertility. The article discusses the antiapoptotic effect of L-carnitine on germ cells, the effects of L-carnitine on sperm parameters, the in vitro effects of L-carnitine on sperm function, and the role of L-carnitine on erectile function. The article concludes that L-carnitine may have beneficial effects on sperm parameters and male fertility. Mongioi, L., Calogero, A. E., Vicari, E., Condorelli, R. A., Russo, G. I., Privitera, S., ... La Vignera, S. (2016). The role of carnitine in male infertility. Andrologia, 48(8), 820-827. doi: 10.1111/andr.12191 https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.12191
The impact of lifestyle modifications, diet, and vitamin supplementation on natural fertility
Infertility is a common condition that can have significant medical, psychological, and financial consequences. Lifestyle modifications such as smoking cessation, weight management, and moderate exercise can have a positive impact on fertility. However, the evidence surrounding other lifestyle factors, such as diet and supplementation, is less clear. Continued research is needed to determine the optimal lifestyle modifications to improve natural fertility. Collins, Gretchen Garbe, and Brooke V. Rossi. The impact of lifestyle modifications, diet, and vitamin supplementation on natural fertility. Fertility Research and Practice, vol. 5, no. 1, 2019, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40738-015-0003-4
The title of this article is Effect of emotional stress on sperm quality
Life stress has been hypothesized to affect the regulation of autonomic, neuroendocrine, and immune systems. This study aimed to investigate the effect of stress therapy on the semen quality of male patients with idiopathic infertility. The study randomly divided 20 patients into two groups, with one group receiving stress therapy. The results showed that the number of healthy sperm was significantly higher in the treated group after therapy, suggesting a recovery of sperm quality. It was concluded that stress is an additional risk factor for idiopathic infertility. Collodela, G., Moretti, E., Fontani, V., Rinaldi, S., Aravagli, L., Saragò, G., Capitani, S., & Anichini, C. (2008). Effect of emotional stress on sperm quality. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 128, 254-261. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19052335/
Effects of mobile phone usage on sperm quality – No time-dependent relationship on usage: A systematic review and updated meta-analysis.
Mobile phone usage does not have a time-dependent relationship on sperm quality, according to a systematic review and updated meta-analysis. The study evaluated 18 studies and found that exposure to mobile phones is associated with reduced sperm motility, viability, and concentration. However, the decrease in sperm quality was not significant, even with increased mobile phone usage. The findings support previous research showing that mobile phone usage is harmful to sperm quality. Further studies are needed to assess the effects of exposure to electromagnetic waves from new mobile phone models. Kim, Sungjoon, et al. Effects of mobile phone usage on sperm quality – No time-dependent relationship on usage: A systematic review and updated meta-analysis. Environmental Research, vol. 202, 2021, p. 111784. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2021.111784
Association between sperm DNA fragmentation and idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Couples with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) have higher levels of sperm DNA fragmentation (sDF) compared to fertile couples, according to a systematic review and meta-analysis of 14 studies involving 530 men with RPL and 639 fertile control participants. The results suggest that sDF testing may have diagnostic value in assessing couples with unexplained RPL, and indicate a possible paternally derived genetic origin for unexplained RPL. Further studies are needed to assess the predictive utility of sDF in this context. Tan, Justin, et al. Association between sperm DNA fragmentation and idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Reproductive BioMedicine Online, vol. 38, no. 6, 2019, pp. 951-952. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2018.12.029
A Paternal Environmental Legacy: Evidence for Epigenetic Inheritance through the Male Germ Line
A study suggests that paternal environmental factors can have an epigenetic impact on offspring's future health. The study proposes that changes in DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs during sperm development could be responsible for the transfer of paternal environmental information to the zygote. Including paternal factors in future research can improve understanding of transgenerational epigenetic plasticity and health-related effects in future generations. Soubry, Adelheid, et al. Insights & Perspectives: A Paternal Environmental Legacy: Evidence for Epigenetic Inheritance through the Male Germ Line. BioEssays, vol. 36, no. 4, 2014, pp. 359-371. doi:10.1002/bies.201300113. https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.201300113
Mobile Phone Radiation Induces Reactive Oxygen Species Production and DNA Damage in Human Spermatozoa In Vitro.
Mobile phone radiation can induce reactive oxygen species production and DNA damage in human spermatozoa. The study found that exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) from mobile phones reduced sperm motility and vitality, while increasing reactive oxygen species generation and DNA fragmentation. These findings have implications for the fertility and health of males using mobile phones extensively. De Iuliis, Geoffry N., et al. Mobile Phone Radiation Induces Reactive Oxygen Species Production and DNA Damage in Human Spermatozoa In Vitro. PLoS ONE, vol. 4, no. 7, 2009, pp. 1-10. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006446. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0006446
Effect of Age on Male Fertility
This article discusses the effects of aging on male fertility. It examines the changes in semen parameters and reproductive hormones as well as the impact on fertility and offspring. The research suggests that age-related changes in sperm quality and DNA damage can affect fertility outcomes. Counseling on the risks and benefits of late parenthood is recommended. du Plessis, S.S., et al. Effect of Age on Male Fertility. Male Infertility: A Complete Guide to Lifestyle and Environmental Factors. Springer Science+Business Media, 2014, pp. 247-266. DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-1040-3_16 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1040-3_16
Diet and sperm quality: Nutrients, foods and dietary patterns
The article investigates the relationship between diet and sperm quality. It classifies studies into three groups: nutrients and dietary supplements, foods, and dietary patterns. The review highlights that increased intake of certain nutrients, dietary supplements, and foods are positively associated with sperm quality. Adherence to healthy dietary patterns is also linked to improved sperm concentration and motility. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of diet in maintaining optimal reproductive health. Salas-Huetos, A., James, E. R., Aston, K. I., Jenkins, T. G., & Carrell, D. T. (2020). Diet and sperm quality: Nutrients, foods and dietary patterns. Reproductive Biology, 20(2), 100307. doi:10.1016/j.repbio.2020.100307 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.repbio.2019.07.005
Semen Quality and Waiting Time to Pregnancy Explored Using Association Mining
Semen quality and its impact on waiting time to pregnancy were explored using association mining in this study. The study analyzed semen parameters, female partner age, and time to pregnancy data from 500 fertile men. The results found that combinations of semen parameters were associated with waiting time to pregnancy, and no single parameter was inferior. Additionally, high female partner age had a negative impact on waiting time to pregnancy that could not be compensated for by high semen parameters of the man. Herrera, J. A. R., Bang, A. K., Priskorn, L., Izarzugaza, J. M. G., Brunak, S., & Jørgensen, N. (2021). Semen quality and waiting time to pregnancy explored using association mining. Andrology, 9, 577–587. doi:10.1111/andr.12924. https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.12924
Paternal obesity negatively affects male fertility and assisted reproduction outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effect of paternal obesity on male fertility and assisted reproduction outcomes. The review included 30 papers with a total of 115,158 participants. The results showed that obese men were more likely to experience infertility and had a decreased rate of live birth per cycle of assisted reproduction. Additionally, obese men had an increased percentage of sperm with low mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA fragmentation, and abnormal morphology. The study concluded that male obesity is associated with reduced reproductive potential and suggests incorporating DNA fragmentation analysis and mitochondrial membrane potential assessment into semen testing, especially for obese men. Campbell, Jared M., et al. Paternal obesity negatively affects male fertility and assisted reproduction outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Reproductive BioMedicine Online, vol. 31, no. 4, 2015, pp. 593–604. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2015.07.012
Zinc Levels in Seminal Plasma are Associated with Sperm Quality in Fertile and Infertile Men
Zinc levels in the seminal plasma are associated with sperm quality in fertile and infertile men. Semen samples were analyzed to determine the concentrations of zinc, magnesium, calcium, sodium, and potassium. Fertile men had significantly higher levels of zinc compared to infertile men, and seminal zinc levels correlated with sperm count and normal sperm morphology. Poor zinc nutrition may be a risk factor for low quality sperm and male infertility. Hosseinzadeh Colagara, A., Tahmasbpour Marzonya, E., & Chaichib, M. J. (2009). Zinc levels in seminal plasma are associated with sperm quality in fertile and infertile men. Journal of Reproductive Immunology, 34(5), 9-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2008.11.007
Epigenetics in male reproduction: effect of paternal diet on sperm quality and offspring health.
Sperm cells have been traditionally thought to only deliver their genome to the oocyte during fertilization. However, recent research has shown the important role of epigenetics in sperm cells, which allows for the transformation of the same genome into multiple different transcriptomes. Environmental factors and a man's diet can affect the epigenetic signatures in sperm cells, which in turn can impact offspring health. The epigenetic landscape of sperm cells includes the replacement of histones by protamines, as well as epigenetic tagging of imprinted genes. The understanding of sperm-specific epigenetic signatures and their effects on offspring health is still an area of active research. Schagdarsurengin, Undraga, and Klaus Steger. Epigenetics in male reproduction: effect of paternal diet on sperm quality and offspring health. Nature Reviews Urology, vol. 13, no. 10, 2016, pp. 584-595. doi:10.1038/nrurol.2016.157 https://doi.org/10.1038/nrurol.2016.157
The role of antioxidant therapy in the treatment of male infertility: an overview
Antioxidant therapy has been suggested as a potential treatment for male infertility. A review of the literature found that oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to sperm damage and reduced fertility. While some studies have shown beneficial effects of antioxidant therapy on semen parameters, there is no definitive evidence that it leads to higher pregnancy rates. More research is needed to understand the effects of antioxidants on fertility. Lombardo, F., Sansone, A., Romanelli, F., Paoli, D., Gandini, L., & Lenzi, A. (2011). The role of antioxidant therapy in the treatment of male infertility: an overview. Asian Journal of Andrology, 13, 690–697. doi:10.1038/aja.2010.183 https://doi.org/10.1038/aja.2010.183
Male Infertility: A Complete Guide to Lifestyle and Environmental Factors
This article examines the effects of recreational and performance-enhancing drug abuse on male infertility. It discusses the various drugs and substances that can negatively impact male fertility, including marijuana, opioids, methamphetamine, cocaine, and steroids. The article also explores the endocrine and overall fertility effects of these drugs, as well as potential treatment options for drug-induced male infertility.
du Plessis, S.S., et al. Introduction. Male Infertility: A Complete Guide to Lifestyle and Environmental Factors, edited by S.S. du Plessis et al., Springer Science+Business Media, 2014, pp. 7-8. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1040-3_7 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1040-3_7
Endocrine Disruptors and Male Infertility
Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can have adverse effects on male reproductive health. EDCs can interfere with hormone action, disrupting the endocrine system and potentially causing birth defects or intersex disorders. These chemicals can have effects at low doses, which challenge traditional concepts in toxicology. It is important to identify vulnerable periods of development, such as during fetal development and puberty, in order to mitigate the potential risks of EDC exposure.
du Plessis, S.S., et al. Introduction. Male Infertility: A Complete Guide to Lifestyle and Environmental Factors, edited by S.S. du Plessis et al., Springer Science+Business Media New York, 2014, doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1040-3_13. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1040-3_13
Selenium –vitamin E supplementation in infertile men: effects on semen parameters and pregnancy rate.
Selenium-vitamin E supplementation was studied for its effects on semen parameters and pregnancy rate in infertile men. The study included 690 infertile men who received selenium and vitamin E supplementation for at least 100 days. Results showed significant improvement in sperm motility, morphology, and pregnancy rate. The authors conclude that selenium and vitamin E supplementation may improve semen quality and can be used for the treatment of male infertility. Moslemi, Mohammad K., and Samaneh Tavanbakhsh. Selenium –vitamin E supplementation in infertile men: effects on semen parameters and pregnancy rate. International Journal of General Medicine, no. 4, 2011, pp. 99-104. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S16275 https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S16275
The impact of body mass index on semen parameters and reproductive hormones in human males: a systematic review with meta-analysis This article is a systematic review with meta-analysis that investigates the impact of body mass index (BMI) on semen parameters and reproductive hormones in men of reproductive age. The research question focuses on determining if there is an association between increased BMI and reduced semen parameters and altered reproductive hormones. The method involves searching databases and extracting data from relevant studies. The results show no evidence of a relationship between BMI and sperm concentration or total sperm count, but a negative relationship is found with testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and free testosterone. The conclusion suggests that larger population-based and longitudinal studies are needed to further explore this association. MacDonald, A. A., Herbison, G. P., Showell, M., & Farquhar, C. M. (2009). The impact of body mass index on semen parameters and reproductive hormones in human males: a systematic review with meta-analysis. European Society of Human, 24(8), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmp047
Microplastics and Other Harmful Substances Released from Disposable Paper Cups into Hot Water
Microplastics and harmful substances are released from disposable paper cups when exposed to hot water. The study found that approximately 25,000 microplastic particles were released into one cup of hot water in 15 minutes. Toxic heavy metals were also detected in the cups, posing potential health risks when consuming hot beverages from these cups.
Prakash Ranjan, Ved, et al. Microplastics and Other Harmful Substances Released from Disposable Paper Cups into Hot Water. Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 404, 2020, p. 124118. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124118. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124118
Sauna Exposure and its Effects on Human Spermatogenesis: Seminal and Molecular Evidence
Sauna exposure can significantly affect human spermatogenesis, leading to alterations in sperm parameters, sperm chromatin, and gene expression related to heat stress and hypoxia. This study found that sauna exposure resulted in impaired sperm count and motility, decreased sperm chromatin structure and mitochondrial function, and up-regulation of heat stress and hypoxia response genes. However, these effects were reversible once sauna exposure was discontinued. The findings highlight the potential impact of sauna use on male fertility. Garolla, A., Torino, M., Sartini, B., Cosci, I., Patassini, C., Carraro, U., & Foresta, C. (2013). Seminal and molecular evidence that sauna exposure affects human spermatogenesis. Andrology, 1(3), 437-445. DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2013.00101.x. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/det020
Impact of Alcohol Consumption on Male Fertility Potential: A Narrative Review
Chronic alcohol consumption is associated with poor semen quality and genotoxic effects on hormonal regulation and DNA integrity, which can affect the health of offspring, according to a narrative review. The review highlights the need for further research on molecular markers for alcohol-related infertility. Finelli, R., Mottola, F., & Agarwal, A. (2021). Impact of Alcohol Consumption on Male Fertility Potential: A Narrative Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(1), 328. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010328 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010328
Male Infertility: A Complete Guide to Lifestyle and Environmental Factors
Smoking has been linked to male infertility, but the biological mechanisms behind this connection are still largely unknown. The contents of cigarette smoke, including numerous harmful compounds and active ingredients, have shown significant effects on male fertility. The harmful effects of smoking affect virtually all semen parameters, including count, motility, and morphology. Furthermore, smoking can also affect the structure of spermatozoa and the proteins involved in sperm function. Overall, this research suggests that smoking has a negative impact on male fertility and that it is important for further research in this area to meet the clinical needs of infertile smokers. Du Plessis, S. S., Haque, O., Vitale, J. A., & Agarwal, A. (2014). Male Infertility: A Complete Guide to Lifestyle and Environmental Factors. In Male Infertility: A Complete Guide to Lifestyle and Environmental Factors (pp. 1-14). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1040-3_2
Impact of Environmental Factors on Human Semen Quality and Male Fertility: A Narrative Review.
The research question addressed in this article is the impact of environmental factors on human semen quality and male fertility. The method used was a narrative review of literature from 2000 to June 2021, obtained from various English peer-reviewed journals and databases. The results indicate that adverse environmental factors such as air pollution, pesticide use, exposure to heat, and exposure to heavy metals can negatively affect semen quality and lead to male infertility. The conclusion emphasizes that these factors are modifiable and reversible, and lifestyle changes can help mitigate the risk. Kumar, Naina, and Amit Kant Singh. Impact of Environmental Factors on Human Semen Quality and Male Fertility: A Narrative Review. Environmental Sciences Europe, vol. 34, no. 6, 2022, pp. 1-13. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-021-00585-w. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-021-00585-w
Paternal Contributions to Offspring Health: Role of Sperm Small RNAs in Intergenerational Transmission of Epigenetic Information.
This article reviews the role of sperm small RNAs in the intergenerational transmission of epigenetic information. Recent studies have shown that mature sperm contain high levels of small non-coding RNAs, which can be influenced by paternal environmental conditions and potentially regulate early embryonic development. The article explores the mechanism of sperm small RNA remodeling during maturation and discusses the potential role of these RNAs in intergenerational epigenetic inheritance. Sharma, Upasna. Paternal Contributions to Offspring Health: Role of Sperm Small RNAs in Intergenerational Transmission of Epigenetic Information. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, vol. 7, 2019, p. 215., doi:10.3389/fcell.2019.00215. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2019.00215
Antioxidants for Male Subfertility (Review)
The article Antioxidants for male subfertility published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews aimed to investigate the effectiveness of antioxidants in improving male fertility. The authors conducted a comprehensive analysis of existing studies and found that antioxidant supplementation may increase live birth rates and improve sperm quality in subfertile men. The conclusion suggests that antioxidants could be a potential treatment option for male infertility. The citation for the text would be:
Cochrane Library. Antioxidants for male subfertility (Review). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2019, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD007411. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007411.pub4. Accessed 11 Sep. 2023.
https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007411.pub4
Is Semen Quality Affected by Male Body Fat Distribution?
Semen quality is not affected by male body fat distribution, according to a study conducted at the University of Szeged in Hungary. The study examined the relationship between semen parameters, reproductive hormones, and waist/hip ratio in male patients with infertility. The results showed correlations between waist size and various hormone levels and between hip size and sperm concentration. However, the waist/hip ratio itself did not correlate with semen quality. Therefore, body fat distribution does not appear to be a significant factor in semen quality. Fejes, I., Kolosza ´r, S., Szo ¨ll}osi, J., Za ´vaczki, Z., & Pa ´l, A. (2023). Is semen quality affected by male body fat distribution? Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0272.2005.00671.x
Dietary patterns, foods and nutrients in male fertility parameters and fecundability: a systematic review of observational studies
A systematic review was conducted to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns, foods, and nutrients and male fertility parameters. The researchers analyzed 35 observational studies and found that healthy diets rich in certain nutrients were associated with better semen quality, while diets high in processed meat, soy foods, potatoes, and certain beverages were linked to poorer semen quality. They also found that a high intake of alcohol, caffeine, red meat, and processed meat negatively affected the chance of pregnancy or fertilization rates. The study suggests that adherence to a healthy diet could improve semen quality and fecundability rates. However, further research is needed to confirm these associations. Salas-Huetos, Albert, et al. Dietary patterns, foods and nutrients in male fertility parameters and fecundability: a systematic review of observational studies. Human Reproduction Update, vol. 23, no. 4, 2017, pp. 371-389. doi:10.1093/humupd/dmx006. https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmx006
The Total Antioxidant Content of More Than 3100 Foods, Beverages, Spices, Herbs and Supplements Used Worldwide
The research question of this article is to develop a comprehensive food database consisting of the total antioxidant content of typical foods as well as other dietary items. The method used was a modified version of the FRAP assay to measure antioxidant content. The results show that there are significant differences in antioxidant content among different foods, with spices, herbs, and supplements having the highest antioxidant values. The conclusion is that plant-based foods introduce significantly more antioxidants into the human diet than non-plant foods, and this database is an essential research tool for further understanding the potential health effects of antioxidants in the diet. Carlsen, M. H., Halvorsen, B. L., Holte, K., Bøhn, S. K., Dragland, S., Sampson, L., ... & Blomhoff, R. (2010). The total antioxidant content of more than 3100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used worldwide. Nutrition Journal, 9(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-9-3
Body Weight Loss Reverts Obesity-Associated Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Body weight loss has been found to reverse obesity-associated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, according to a systematic review and meta-analysis of available trials. The study found that both a low-calorie diet and bariatric surgery are associated with an increase in testosterone levels. This increase is greater in patients who lose more weight, as well as in younger, non-diabetic subjects with a greater degree of obesity. The study suggests that the normalization of sex hormones induced by body weight loss may contribute to the beneficial effects of surgery in morbid obesity. Corona, Giovanni, et al. Body weight loss reverts obesity-associated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European journal of endocrinology 168.6 (2013): 829-843.
Note: The provided citation is in MLA 8 format as of 2023. https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-12-0955
Mediterranean Diet as a Shield against Male Infertility and Cancer Risk Induced by Environmental Pollutants: A Focus on Flavonoids
The article explores the potential protective effects of the Mediterranean diet against male infertility and cancer risk caused by environmental pollutants. The review collects evidence from pre-clinical and clinical studies and suggests that flavonoids present in fruits and vegetables consumed in the Mediterranean diet may counteract the negative effects of pollutants. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of individual resilience measures to mitigate cancer risk and prevent reproductive dysfunction. Montano, Luigi, et al. Mediterranean Diet as a Shield against Male Infertility and Cancer Risk Induced by Environmental Pollutants: A Focus on Flavonoids. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 23, no. 3, 2022, p. 1568, doi:10.3390/ijms23031568. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031568
Obesity and Male Infertility: A Complete Guide to Lifestyle and Environmental Factors
Obesity is a rising trend worldwide and has been associated with various health conditions. Recent research suggests a potential link between obesity and male infertility. This chapter examines the hormonal abnormalities caused by obesity, its effect on semen parameters, and possible lifestyle modifications to alleviate the adverse effects. The measurement of obesity using body mass index (BMI) has limitations, and alternative methods such as waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) may be more effective. Adipose tissue secretes hormones and adipokines, which can affect reproductive function. The relationship between obesity, sperm parameters, and reproductive potential is still under debate, with studies reporting inconsistent results. Khullar, K., Agarwal, A., du Plessis, S. S. (2014). Introduction. In S. S. du Plessis et al. (eds.), Male Infertility: A Complete Guide to Lifestyle and Environmental Factors (pp. 3-19). Springer Science+Business Media. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1040-3_3. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1040-3_3
Systematic review of antioxidant types and doses in male infertility: Benefits on semen parameters, advanced sperm function, assisted reproduction and live-birth rate.
This study is a systematic review that explores the effect of antioxidant supplementation on male fertility outcomes. The researchers searched multiple databases for studies investigating the use of antioxidants in infertile men and found that antioxidant therapy had a positive effect on semen parameters, sperm function, assisted reproductive therapy outcomes, and live-birth rates. Various antioxidants were commonly used, such as vitamin E, vitamin C, carnitines, co-enzyme Q10, zinc, selenium, folic acid, and lycopene. Further research is needed to determine the optimal antioxidant regimen for clinical use.
Majzoub, Ahmad and Ashok Agarwal. Systematic review of antioxidant types and doses in male infertility: Benefits on semen parameters, advanced sperm function, assisted reproduction and live-birth rate. Arab Journal of Urology, vol. 16, 2018, pp. 113-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aju.2017.11.013
The Epidemiological, Physical, Psychological, and Economic Costs of Early Pregnancy Loss
Miscarriage is a common and significant health issue, with approximately 23 million cases occurring globally each year. Various risk factors for miscarriage include age, body-mass index, ethnicity, and lifestyle factors. Miscarriage can have both physical and psychological consequences, including an increased risk of anxiety, depression, and other mental health issues. Recurrent miscarriage is also a predictor of future obstetric complications and long-term health problems. The economic costs of miscarriage are substantial, with an estimated £471 million per year in the UK. To improve patient care and policy development, it is important to gather and report miscarriage data and provide specialized care for those at high risk. Effective screening and treatment options for mental health consequences should also be available. Quenby, S., Gallos, I. D., Dhillon-Smith, R. K., Podesek, M., Stephenson, M. D., Fisher, J., ... & Coomarasamy, A. (2021). Miscarriage matters: the epidemiological, physical, psychological, and economic costs of early pregnancy loss. The Lancet, 397, 1658. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00682-6
Effects of mobile phone use on semen parameters: a cross-sectional study of 1634 men in China
The authors of a study on the effects of mobile phone use on semen parameters in men have issued a corrigendum, stating that there was an error in the daily phone call duration reported in the study. The corrected data shows significant differences in sperm motility between different groups based on daily phone call duration, suggesting that daily phone use may negatively affect sperm motility and male fertility. Zhang, S., Mo, F., Chang, Y., Wu, S., Ma, Q., Jin, F., & Xing, L. (2022). Corrigendum to: Effects of mobile phone use on semen parameters: a cross-sectional study of 1634 men in China. Reproduction, Fertility and Development, 34(9), 669-678. https://doi.org/10.1071/RD21234_CO https://doi.org/10.1071/RD21234_CO
Association between obesity and alteration of sperm DNA integrity and mitochondrial activity
This article investigates the impact of obesity on semen analysis, sperm mitochondrial activity, and DNA fragmentation. The study involves 305 male patients divided into three groups based on body mass index (BMI). The results show that increased BMI values are associated with decreased mitochondrial activity and progressive motility and increased DNA fragmentation. Therefore, obesity can have negative effects on sperm functionality and male fertility. Fariello, R. M., Pariz, J. R., Spaine, D. M., Cedenho, A. P., Bertolla, R. P., & Fraietta, R. (2012). Association between obesity and alteration of sperm DNA integrity and mitochondrial activity. BJU International, 110(10), 863-867. doi:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2011.10813.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2011.10813.x
Effects of Folic Acid and Zinc Sulfate on Male Factor Subfertility: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
This study examines the effects of folic acid and zinc sulfate treatment on semen variables in fertile and subfertile men. The study is a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted with 108 fertile and 103 subfertile men. The results show that subfertile men experienced a significant increase in total normal sperm count after treatment with zinc sulfate and folic acid. The conclusion suggests that this finding may have implications for future fertility research and treatment. Wong, W.Y., Merkus, H.M.W.M., Thomas, C.M.G., Menkveld, R., Zielhuis, G.A., & Steegers-Theunissen, R.P.M. (2002). Effects of folic acid and zinc sulfate on male factor subfertility: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Fertility and Sterility, 77(3), 491-498. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)03229-0
The Effect of Sperm DNA Fragmentation on Miscarriage Rates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
High levels of sperm DNA damage have been found to be positively correlated with miscarriage rates, according to a systematic review and meta-analysis. The analysis, which included 16 cohort studies, found that patients with high DNA damage had a significantly increased risk of miscarriage compared to those with low DNA damage. The use of methods that select sperm without DNA damage for assisted conception treatment may reduce the risk of miscarriage. However, the study also noted some limitations, including variations in study characteristics and the definition of pregnancy loss. Further research is needed to study the mechanisms of DNA damage and the potential therapeutic effects of antioxidant therapy. Robinson, L., Gallos, I. D., Conner, S. J., Rajkhowa, M., Miller, D., Lewis, S., Kirkman-Brown, J., & Coomarasamy, A. (2012). The effect of sperm DNA fragmentation on miscarriage rates: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Centre for Human Reproductive Science, Birmingham Women’s Hospital. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/des261
From Oxidative Stress to Male Infertility: Review of the Associations of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals (Bisphenols, Phthalates, and Parabens) with Human Semen Quality
This review article examines the associations between endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) such as bisphenols, phthalates, and parabens, and human semen quality. The authors conducted a literature review and found that higher levels of urinary bisphenols were correlated with impaired semen quality and increased DNA damage. Studies on phthalates showed a positive association between urinary levels of phthalates and low semen quality and sperm DNA damage. The studies on parabens revealed correlation of urinary parabens concentrations with a decrease in sperm count, motility, and DNA damage. The review highlights the detrimental effects of EDCs on semen quality and sperm DNA integrity. Virant-Klun, I., Imamovic-Kumalic, S., & Pinter, B. (2022). From Oxidative Stress to Male Infertility: Review of the Associations of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals (Bisphenols, Phthalates, and Parabens) with Human Semen Quality. Antioxidants, 11(8), 1617. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11081617 https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11081617
The Effect of Nutrients and Dietary Supplements on Sperm Quality Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
This article is a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials that assessed the effect of nutrients, dietary supplements, or food on sperm quality parameters. The study found that certain dietary supplements, such as selenium, zinc, omega-3 fatty acids, and coenzyme Q10, improved sperm concentrations, while omega-3 fatty acids and coenzyme Q10 also increased sperm counts. Selenium, zinc, omega-3 fatty acids, coenzyme Q10, and carnitine were found to improve sperm motility and morphology. The authors suggest that dietary supplements can have a beneficial effect on sperm quality parameters and male fertility. However, the results should be interpreted cautiously due to the limited sample size and interstudy heterogeneity. Salas-Huetos, A., Rosique-Esteban, N., Becerra-Tomás, N., Vizmanos, B., Bulló, M., & Salas-Salvadó, J. (2018). The Effect of Nutrients and Dietary Supplements on Sperm Quality Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Advances in Nutrition, 9(6), 833-848. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmy057
The roles of cellular reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress and antioxidants in pregnancy outcomes.
The article examines the roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress, and antioxidants in pregnancy outcomes. The authors discuss the physiological role of ROS in reproductive processes and the impact of imbalances between ROS production and antioxidant systems. They also highlight the association between oxidative stress and adverse pregnancy outcomes such as spontaneous abortions, embryopathies, preeclampsia, and low birth weight. The review emphasizes the importance of understanding the links between oxidative stress, the female reproductive system, and pregnancy outcomes in both human and animal medicine. Al-Gubory, K. H., Fowler, P. A., & Garrel, C. (2010). The roles of cellular reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress and antioxidants in pregnancy outcomes. The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, 42, 1634-1650. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2010.06.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2010.06.001
Paternal Smoking Before Conception and During Pregnancy Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 17 Case-Control Studies.
Paternal smoking before conception and during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), according to a systematic review and meta-analysis of 17 case-control studies. The analysis found statistically significant risk ratios for smoking before conception and during pregnancy, and a positive dose-response relationship as well. The findings suggest the need for further confirmation in prospective studies. Cao, Yue, et al. Paternal Smoking Before Conception and During Pregnancy Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 17 Case-Control Studies. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, vol. 42, no. 1, 2020, pp. 32-40. https://doi.org/10.1097/mph.0000000000001657
The title of this article is Does folic acid and zinc sulfate intervention affect endocrine parameters and sperm characteristics in men?
Folic acid and zinc sulphate intervention was examined on endocrine parameters and sperm characteristics in men. The study found that the intervention increased sperm concentration in subfertile males, but did not affect other endocrine and semen parameters. The increase in sperm concentration was not due to changes in follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, or inhibin B concentrations. The underlying mechanisms of the positive effects of folic acid and zinc sulphate on spermatogenesis are still unclear. Ebisch, I. M. W., Pierik, F. H., De Jong, F. H., Thomas, C. M. G., Steegers-Theunissen, R. P. M. (2005). Does folic acid and zinc sulfate intervention affect endocrine parameters and sperm characteristics in men? Journal of Andrology, 26(6), pp. 984-991. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2605.2005.00598.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2605.2005.00598.x
Temporal Trends in Sperm Count: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis of Samples Collected Globally in the 20th and 21st Centuries
Sperm count is declining globally at an accelerated pace, according to a systematic review and meta-regression analysis of studies conducted between 1973 and 2018. The analysis found that sperm concentration declined by 1.73 million/ml per year among unselected men in post-2000 data. The study also reported a decline in sperm count among men from South/Central America, Asia, and Africa, suggesting that the global decline in sperm count is continuing. Urgent research and preventative actions are needed to address this issue and protect male reproductive health. Levine, Hagai, et al. Temporal Trends in Sperm Count: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis of Samples Collected Globally in the 20th and 21st Centuries. Human Reproduction Update, vol. 29, no. 2, 2023, pp. 157-176. Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/humupd/dmac035. Accessed 11 Sept. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmac035
The title of this article is Cigarette Smoking and Semen Quality: A New Meta-analysis Examining the Effect of the 2010 World Health Organization Laboratory Methods for the Examination of Human Semen
Cigarette smoking has a negative effect on semen parameters such as sperm count, motility, and morphology. A meta-analysis of twenty studies found that smoking was associated with reduced sperm count, motility, and morphology. The study also found that the latest WHO laboratory methods for semen analysis had minimal impact on the effect of smoking on semen parameters.
Sharmaa, R., Harlevb, A., Agarwalc, A., & Estevesd, S. C. (2016). Cigarette Smoking and Semen Quality: A New Meta-analysis Examining the Effect of the 2010 World Health Organization Laboratory Methods for the Examination of Human Semen. European Urology, XXX, x-y. Retrieved from www.sciencedirect.com. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2016.04.010
The Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids, EPA, and/or DHA on Male Infertility: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
This article presents a systematic review and meta-analysis that evaluated the effect of omega-3 fatty acids on male infertility. The analysis showed that omega-3 treatment significantly increased sperm motility and seminal DHA concentration. However, it had no effect on sperm concentration or sperm DHA. The study suggests that supplementing infertile men with omega-3 fatty acids can improve sperm motility and DHA concentration in seminal plasma. Hosseini, B., Nourmohamadi, M., Hajipour, S., Taghizadeh, M., Asemi, Z., Keshavarz, S. A., & Jafarnejad, S. (2018). The Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids, EPA, and/or DHA on Male Infertility: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Journal of Dietary Supplements, 15(4), 428-440. doi:10.1080/19390211.2018.1431753 https://doi.org/10.1080/19390211.2018.1431753
Pesticides and Heavy Metal Toxicity
The article discusses the negative impact of pesticides and heavy metal exposures on adult male reproductive function. Pesticides, specifically organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides, can impair reproductive male function through disruption of the endocrine axis. Organochlorine pesticides like DDT have been associated with impaired sperm motility and decreased sperm volume and count. PCBs, another group of pesticides, are also found to have negative effects on reproductive function. Therefore, the study concludes that exposure to pesticides and heavy metals can be detrimental to male fertility. Mínguez-Alarcón, Lidia, Jaime Mendiola, and Alberto M. Torres-Cantero. 'Pesticides and Heavy Metal Toxicity.' Male Infertility: A Complete Guide to Lifestyle and Environmental Factors, edited by S.S. du Plessis et al., Springer Science+Business Media, 2014, pp. 181. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1040-3_12 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1040-3_12
Combined Exposures to Bisphenols, Polychlorinated Dioxins, Paracetamol, and Phthalates as Drivers of Deteriorating Semen Quality
Combined exposures to bisphenols, polychlorinated dioxins, paracetamol, and phthalates are identified as drivers of deteriorating semen quality. The researchers conducted a mixture risk assessment based on European exposures using the Hazard Index approach. The results showed that highly exposed subjects experienced combined exposures to these chemicals that exceeded acceptable levels by a large margin. Bisphenol A, polychlorinated dioxins, phthalates, and paracetamol were identified as the main contributors to the risk. The study concludes that efforts to lower exposures to these substances are necessary to mitigate risks to male reproductive health.
Kortenkamp, A., Scholze, M., Ermler, S., Priskorn, L., Jørgensen, N., Andersson, A.M., Frederiksen, H. (2022). Combined exposures to bisphenols, polychlorinated dioxins, paracetamol, and phthalates as drivers of deteriorating semen quality. Environment International, 165, 107322. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107322 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2022.107322
Paternal Smoking and the Risk of Pregnancy Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Paternal smoking of more than 10 cigarettes per day in the preconception period is associated with an increased risk of pregnancy loss, according to a systematic review and meta-analysis. The study analyzed data from 8 studies and found a dose-dependent relationship between paternal smoking and pregnancy loss. No clear association was found between paternal alcohol consumption and pregnancy loss, and no studies were identified that evaluated the association between paternal body mass index and pregnancy loss. The researchers concluded that more well-designed studies are needed to further investigate the effects of other paternal lifestyle factors on the risk of pregnancy loss. du Foss, N. A., van der Hoorn, M. P., Buisman, N. H., van Lith, J. M., le Cessie, S., & Lashley, E. E. (2021). Paternal smoking is associated with an increased risk of pregnancy loss in a dose-dependent manner: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Fertility and Sterility Reviews, 2(1), 227-238. doi:10.1016/j.fsr.2021.02.003 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xfnr.2021.06.001
Sexually Transmitted Infections and Male Factor Infertility
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) of the male genitourinary (GU) tract have been associated with male factor infertility. Approximately 15% of male factor infertility is postulated to be secondary to GU inflammation and infections. The true worldwide prevalence of STIs is unknown, but it is estimated that there were approximately 500 million new cases of STIs in 2008. Several mechanisms for STI-induced infertility have been suggested, including outflow obstruction, damage to spermatozoa, and generation of antisperm antibodies. Understanding the role of STIs in male factor infertility is important for diagnosis and treatment. Smith, W. B., Chen, Y., Rosencrans, A., & Hellstrom, W. J. G. (2014). Male Infertility: A Complete Guide to Lifestyle and Environmental Factors. In S. S. du Plessis et al. (Eds.), Male Infertility: A Complete Guide to Lifestyle and Environmental Factors (pp. 9-25). Springer Science+Business Media. DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-1040-3_9. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1040-3_9
Measuring Reactive Oxygen Species in Semen for Male Preconception Care: A Scientist Perspective
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in semen may contribute to male infertility and impact fertilization and pregnancy outcomes. However, current diagnostic tests for ROS in semen have limitations and lack standardization. This review discusses the techniques used to measure semen ROS concentrations and why further research is needed before it becomes a mainstream preconception diagnostic test for men.
Castleton, P.E., Deluao, J.C., Sharkey, D.J., McPherson, N.O. Measuring Reactive Oxygen Species in Semen for Male Preconception Care: A Scientist Perspective. Antioxidants, vol. 11, no. 2, 2022, article 264. doi:10.3390/antiox11020264
Note: This citation is based on the information provided in the request. Please ensure to verify all the details before using this citation. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11020264
Time to Pregnancy and Semen Parameters: a Cross-sectional Study among Fertile Couples from Four European Cities
This article presents a cross-sectional study examining the association between semen parameters and time to pregnancy (TTP) among fertile couples. The study collected data from pregnant women in four European cities and their partners who conceived without medical intervention. The results showed that increasing sperm concentration and proportion of morphologically normal sperm influenced TTP. The study also highlighted the importance of sperm morphology parameters in relation to TTP. Overall, the findings suggest that semen quality plays a role in the couple's ability to conceive. Slama, R., Eustache, F., Ducot, B., Jensen, T.K., Jørgensen, N., Horte, A., Irvine, S., Suominen, J., Andersen, A.G., Auger, J., Vierula, M., Toppari, J., Andersen, A.N., Keiding, N., Skakkebæk, N.E., Spira, A., & Jouannet, P. (2002). Time to pregnancy and semen parameters: a cross-sectional study among fertile couples from four European cities. Human Reproduction, Vol.17, No.2, pp. 503–515. https://doi.og/10.1093/humrep/17.2.503
Within-Subject Variability of Human Semen in Regard to Sperm Count, Volume, Total Number of Spermatozoa and Length of Abstinence
The research question of this article is to investigate the within-subject variability of human semen in terms of sperm count, volume, total number of spermatozoa, and length of abstinence. The method involves studying 220 ejaculates from 36 normal subjects and analyzing the statistical data. The results show that the within-subject standard deviation is proportional to the mean, and the coefficients of variation are high for all three variables. The conclusion is that there is a high variability in semen characteristics among individuals, and the length of abstinence is correlated with the sperm count, volume, and total number of spermatozoa. Schwartz, D., Laplanche, A., Jouannet, P., & David, G. (year). Within-subject variability of human semen in regard to sperm count, volume, total number of spermatozoa and length of abstinence. Unité de Recherches Statistiques de l'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) and Laboratoire d'Histo-Embryologie de l'Hôpital de Bicêtre, France.
Note: Please replace year with the actual year of publication. https://doi.org/10.1530/jrf.0.0570391
An Update on the Implication of Physical Activity on Semen Quality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Physical activity may have an impact on semen quality, but the relationship is complex and dependent on various factors. A systematic review and meta-analysis identified 32 studies analyzing the effect of physical activity on semen parameters. While most results indicate that physical activity has no major effects on semen quality, recreational activity may have a positive effect on certain parameters, while elite activity could be detrimental. Specific sports, such as cycling, may negatively affect semen concentration. Overall, recreational physical activity seems beneficial for men with infertility issues, while elite activity should be considered carefully. Ibañez-Perez, Jone, et al. An Update on the Implication of Physical Activity on Semen Quality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, vol. 300, no. 1, 2019, pp. 1-12.
Note: The given citation is not in MLA format. Here is the correct citation in MLA format:
Ibañez-Perez, Jone, et al. An Update on the Implication of Physical Activity on Semen Quality: A Systematic Review and Meta‑analysis. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, vol. 300, no. 1, 2019, pp. 1–12.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-019-05045-8
Physical Activity and Television Watching in Relation to Semen Quality in Young Men
Physical activity and television watching were evaluated in relation to semen quality in a population of young, healthy men. The study found that higher levels of physical activity were associated with higher sperm concentration and total sperm count, while increased television watching was associated with lower sperm concentration. The study suggests that physical activity may have a positive impact on semen quality, while sedentary behavior, such as excessive television watching, may have a negative impact. young men, higher levels of physical activity were associated with increased sperm concentration and total sperm count, while higher levels of television watching were associated with lower sperm concentration. These findings suggest that lifestyle factors, such as exercise and sedentary behavior, may impact male fertility.
Gaskins, A. J., Mendiola, J., Afeiche, M., Jørgensen, N., Swan, S. H., & Chavarro, J. E. (2015). Physical activity and television watching in relation to semen quality in young men. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 49(4), 265-270. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2012-091644